Cross stitch is a very simple form of embroidery using only 2 different types of stitches, from which a wide variety of needlework styles, designs and pictures can be created. It is both fun and easy to do, so if you're looking for a new hobby why not have a go.
Follow the instructions below and you too will soon be a cross stitch addict!
Getting Started
If possible purchase a small kit, as this will provide all the materials you need at a reasonable cost. Don't be tempted to choose a larger design which could take a long time to complete. A small project is just as satisfying.
If you wish to purchase your own materials you will first need to choose a suitable fabric. There is a wide range of these available but the most commonly used fabric is 14HPI Aida - HPI stands for Holes Per Inch, and determines the size of your stitches. You will also need a No.24 blunt tapestry needle and some stranded embroidery cottons in the colours specified on the chart of your chosen design. If in doubt, take your chart to your local needlecraft shop so they can help you to select the correct materials.
Preparation
Before beginning your embroidery iron the fabric and cover the edges with masking tape to prevent fraying. Next find the centre of the fabric by folding it in half and then in half again. The corner where the folds meet is the centre and corresponds to the centre of your chart, usually indicated by arrows at the sides of the page. It is always best, if possible, to start your stitching at the centre. However, if you need to start elsewhere on the design always make sure you have counted your starting position accurately from the centre before making your first stitch.
Stitching
There are two types of stitches used in cross stitch, although some designers may use variations of these, such as half or quarter stitches.
The Cross Stitch This stitch is composed of 2 straight stitches in the form of a diagonal cross. It can be sewn singularly or in blocks, as illustrated. However, to obtain a neat result, always ensure the top stitch of each cross lies in the same direction.
Single Block
The Back Stitch This stitch is generally used for lettering or to outline certain areas of the design. It is sewn by taking the needle back one hole and forward two, to produce a solid line of straight evenly-sized stitches.
Back
Your chart will show the position of every stitch. Back stitches are indicated by a thick line whereas cross stitches are normally represented by symbols, with a key indicating the correct coloured cotton to use.
This cotton should be cut to 18" lengths and, before use, separated into the number of strands specified with your chart - normally 2-3 for cross stitches and 1-3 for back stitches.
To begin stitching thread the needle with the appropriate coloured cotton, find the location of your first stitch and, from the back, push the needle through the fabric. Holding the end of the thread against the back of the fabric with your finger make the first few stitches over the end to secure it firmly. To fasten off each thread run the needle through some of the worked stitches on the back of the fabric. Finally trim any remaining ends.
Mounting
There are many different ways to display an embroidery but framing is probably the most popular. The fabric should be stretched first by either lacing the back or using fabric grippers. A small embroidery can often be mounted in a standard photo frame but for larger pieces it is best to have them stretched, mounted and framed professionally.
